DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ADOLESCENTS AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM

Abstract

The article considers the problem of emotional intelligence in adolescents as a psychological problem. Developed emotional intelligence helps to understand others, understand and show emotions, and respond adequately to failures. The ability to show emotions allows a teenager to successfully adapt to environmental conditions. Emotional intelligence plays an important role in establishing and maintaining healthy and harmonious relationships with other people. Understanding one's own and others' emotions, empathy, effective communication, and conflict resolution are key components of successful interpersonal relationships during adolescence. The purpose of the article is to analyze the structural components of the development of emotional intelligence in adolescents. It has been determined that the sensitive period for the development of emotional intelligence is adolescence, during which the need to understand and manage the emotional sphere and self-regulation increases. Adolescents undergo intense physiological changes associated with puberty, growth and development of organs and body systems. In the development of emotional intelligence, attention should be paid to the development of individual self-awareness skills. Developing self-awareness is a process that involves becoming aware of your own thoughts, emotions, needs, and values. The main components of emotional intelligence have been established: self-awareness, self-regulation and social skills. The components of emotional intelligence are determined: the component of the emotional sphere, the metaprocessual phenomenon between emotions and intelligence, cognitive and personal qualities. Foreign theories of the structure of emotional intelligence are analyzed. There are four main abilities: the ability to perceive and identify emotions and emotional states of the individual and others. The ability to evoke a certain emotion in a special way and control it (facilitation of thinking). The ability to understand emotions. The ability to manage the feelings and emotions of other people. In accordance with the theory of multiple intelligences, the structure of emotional intelligence is divided into: intrapersonal emotional and interpersonal emotional intelligence.