THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF THE SUPPORTING TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

The article notes that tourism is a socio-economic phenomenon characterized by uneven development in space, the main reason for differentiation is the presence of various factors of influence, among which the distribution of tourist and recreational resources is of particular importance. It is established that a total analysis of the tourist and resource potential of the selected territory (region, oblast, community) will allow to determine the reasons for differentiation in the market of tourist services, as well as to strengthen competitive advantages. It is proved that the main basis for the formation of a tourist and recreational system is the supporting framework. Many scientific works of both geographical and socio-economic schools of domestic and foreign scholars are devoted to the study of the supporting framework. It has been found that the theory of the supporting framework is considered in different directions, such as: the settlement framework, the transport framework, the historical and cultural framework, the natural and ecological framework, etc. The presentation of the design of the basic tourist and recreational framework of the region is necessary for its rational tourist development. It is established that the supporting tourist and recreational framework plays a key role in ensuring its integrity, effective functioning and manageability. The main elements of the supporting tourist and recreational framework are investigated, namely: the supporting growth points, the suburban recreation area, the network of tourist routes that connects the entire structure of the tourist and recreational framework of the territory and transit corridors (transport routes – road, rail, water, air). The main elements of the tourist and recreational framework are identified: areas, cores, axes, loci. It has been established that special configurations of key elements can form different types of spatial structure of the supporting tourist and recreational framework of the territory. These include: monocentric radial-beam type, monocentric radial-ring type, polycentric lattice type, polycentric linear type, polycentric pool type, polycentric facade type. It has been researched that the tourist and recreational framework is a system of spatial organization of tourism and recreation, which has a hierarchical structure. The main levels of this hierarchy include global, national, regional and local.