RESEARCH ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE TERRITORY OF THE KIVERTSIVSKYI NATIONAL PARK "TSUMANSKA PUSHCHA" AND ITS IMPACT ON BIODIVERSITY

Abstract

The article provides a detailed analysis of current manifestations of climate change in the territory of the Kivertsiv National Nature Park "Tsumanskaya Pushcha" and the possible impacts of such changes on natural landscape complexes and diversity in the park. Promising directions for the adaptation of the park's biocenoses to ongoing climate change are assessed.Research results: the current features of the dynamics of all the main climatic indicators on the territory of the Kivertsivsky National Nature Park "Tsumanskaya Pushcha" were determined and analyzed during the period 2016–2023. The dynamics of such climatic indicators as air temperature, relative humidity, pre- cipitation, wind speed and cloudiness of the sky were assessed. For the selected period, the climate comfort indicators during the warm period of the year (June-August) were also additionally and in-depth analyzed, since this period is the main one in the development of recreational activities in the park, and its parameters are important for the organization of such activities from the point of view of their impact on the human body. It was established that, according to the analysis, there are clearly pronounced manifestations of climate change in the territory of the Kivertsivskyi National Park "Tsumanskaya Pushcha". In particular, among such manifestations were found: an increase in average annual air temperatures by 2–2.5 °C; an increase in average annual precipitation by 30–40 mm (7.5–8.5%); a stable mode of relative air humidity, which is within the climatic norm, about 79%; a decrease in average annual indicators of total cloudiness of the sky by 0.4–0.5 points; a decrease in average annual wind speed by 0.2–0.4 m/s, equalization of the wind regime in the study area during the year. A number of trends in changes in microclimatic indicators during the summer season (June – August) were also identified, which was studied in depth as the most favorable for recreation and organization of tourist attractions in the park. Among these changes during the holiday season, it is worth noting an increase in average monthly air temperatures in all months by 1.2–2.50 °C; a slight decrease in average wind speeds; an increase in the number of cloudless days and days without precipitation; an increase in seasonal temperature amplitudes and an increase in the dryness of the warm season of the year; and a shift of the warmest period from July to early–mid-August in some years. Since the microclimatic regime has a significant impact on the processes of evolution of natural landscape and biocenotic complexes of the national park, as well as on the organization of tourist and recreational, cognitive and educational activities in it, attracting vacationers, conducting excursion activities, its study and analysis is an important scientific and practical task. A reasonable and rational policy on adaptation to climate change in the Kivertsivskyi National Park "Tsumanskaya Pushcha" will allow using the advantages and opportunities that open up in connection with the intensification of regional manifestations of climate change. At the same time, biogeocenoses require enhanced monitoring in order to identify negative and degradation processes that may be caused by climate change.