STUDY OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE BRAIN DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERCEPTION IN CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS
Abstract
The development of perception in children is a complex and multifaceted process that is accompanied by significant structural and functional changes in the brain. These changes relate to both sensory systems responsible for processing information from the world around us and higher cognitive functions such as attention, memory, thinking, and speech. The article discusses the peculiarities of structural changes in the brain during the development of perception and coordination abilities in children with hearing impairment. The features of the vestibular apparatus functioning are determined and the relationship between physical exercises and the functioning of the left side of the child’s brain is established. The article points to the need to take into account individual characteristics of physical development in working with children with hearing impairment. Indeed, studies by national and international scientists have shown that children with hearing impairment may have certain structural changes in the brain compared to children with normal hearing. These changes may vary depending on the type and severity of the hearing impairment, as well as the age at which the child lost hearing. The article investigates the functional interhemispheric asymmetry of the brain in children aged 4–8 years with hearing loss. To determine the functional asymmetry, the method of E. D. Chomsky was used. To assess motor and sensory asymmetry, the leading hand was examined for each child, the leading hand (6 tests), leg (6 tests) and eye (6 tests) were determined. It was found that in deaf children and adolescents there is a tendency to increase functional interhemispheric activity with increased activity of the right hemisphere for motor control and visual sensitivity. The reliability of the differences between the samples of the experimental and control groups was determined using Fisher’s test. The study of structural changes in the brain in children is important for understanding the neurobiological basis of development and developing new methods of diagnosis and treatment.
References
2. Emotional intelligence levels of students with sensory impairment / S. Al-Tal et ai. International Education Studies. 2017. Vol. 10 (8). P. 67–69. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318790725_Emotional_Intelligence_Levels_of_Students_with_Sensory_Impairment.
3. Functional selectivity for face processing in the temporal voice area of early deaf individuals / S. Benetti et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am. 2017. № 114. E6437–E6446. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618287114.
4. Recent advancements in diffusion MRI for in investigating cortical development after preter birth – potential and pitfalls / J. Dudink et al. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015. № 8. P. 1–7. URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01066/full.
5. Revisiting the adaptive and maladaptive effects of crossmodal plasticity / B. Heimler et al. Neuroscience. 2014. Vol. 283. P. 44–63. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306452214006435.
6. Altered cross-modal processing in the primary auditory cortex of congenitally deaf adults: a visual-somatosensory fMRI study with a double-flash illusion / C.M. Karns et al. J. Neurosci. 2012. № 32. P. 9626–9638. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6488-11.2012.
7. Lammert Jessica M. Visual Perception in Hearing Sign Language Users. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2021. P. 7947. URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7947.
8. Review article: Structural brain alterations in prelingually deaf / Manja Hribar et al. NeuroImage. 2020. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811920305280.
9. PERVALE-S: a new cognitive task to assess deaf people’s ability to perceive basic and social emotions / J.M. Mestre et al. Frontiers in Psychology. 2015. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26300828/.
10. Луцько К., Круглик О. Програма розвитку дітей дошкільного віку з порушеннями слуху (глухі, зі зниженим слухом, з кохлеарними імплантами). Київ, 2019. 405 с. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/programyrozvytku-ditey/programa-rozvitku-glukhikh-ditey-doshkilnogo-viku-lutsko1.doc.
11. Network Planning at the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport in the Postmodern Era / S. Popel et al. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2023. № 14 (1). P. 554–570. https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/14.1/435.
12. Anatomical and functional MRI changes after one year of auditory rehabilitation with hearing aids / M.R. Pereira-Jorge et al. Neural Plast. 2018. 9303674. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9303674-12.
13. Cross-modal integration and plastic changes revealed by lip movement, random-dot motion and sign languages in the hearing and deaf / N. Sadato et al. Cerebr. Cortex. 2005. № 15. P. 1113–1122. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhh210.
14. The Influence of Parents’ Mutual Support on the Socialization of Children with Special Needs in Rehabilitation Centers: Neuropsychological Aspects / I. Sarancha et al. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2022. № 13 (4). P. 362–382. https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/13.4/393.
15. Stern Y. Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia. 2009. Vol. 47 (10). P. 2015–2028. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26238899_Cognitive_reserve.
16. Reorganization of the auditory, visual and multimodal areas in early deaf individuals / P. Vachon et al. Neuroscience. 2013. № 245. Р. 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.004.
17. Language and sensory neural plasticity in the superior temporal cortex of the deaf / M. Que et al. Neural Plasticity. 2018. Vol. 2014 (10). URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29853853/.
