STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF SELF-PURIFICATION OF THE WATER OF THE ESMAN RIVER IN THE BOUNDARIES OF GLUHIV, SUMY REGION, UKRAINE

Abstract

Water ecosystems play an important role in preserving and maintaining a favorable environment for humans, and therefore the development of effective mechanisms for the protection of water fund lands and the preservation of high-quality water resources is one of the important tasks of Ukrainian land management, economic and legal science. The article highlights the results of the study of the self-purification ability of the Esman River based on the dynamics of phytotoxic properties of water along the channel within the urban ecosystem of the city of Glukhiv. The city's ecosystems have a significant impact on the state of river water, demonstrative experiments prove this. To control the state of the ecosystem of the Esman River, a biotesting method was used, the essence of which is to determine the effect of substances (both suppressive and stimulating) in the available investigated water samples on specially selected organisms under standard conditions with the registration of various morphometric indicators. In the ponds of the city, changes in the water quality composition have already begun, but the river itself has great potential for improving water quality. Despite the cascade of ponds located on the Esman River within the city limits (namely, they cause the deterioration of water quality, increasing its phytotoxicity), the water quality of the Esman River recovers outside the city and is characterized by the absence of phytotoxic properties. The Esman River belongs to the small rivers of Ukraine, but it plays a significant role in the development of the social environment of the city of Hlukhov. However, excessive and irresponsible use of the biological resources of the river and its water (withdrawal of water for irrigation and other economic and domestic needs, use of water for washing vehicles, pollution of the river with sewage, felling of riparian vegetation, etc.) disturbed its natural state, hydrological regime, worsened water quality, led to the impoverishment of the flora and fauna of the reservoir. Esman is becoming thinner, silting up, and the number of bottom sediments is increasing, in which heavy metals, pesticides and other harmful substances accumulate. The article also provides recommendations for improving the state of the city's water resources. We believe that involving the public in assessing the quality of the environment and establishing a two-way flow of environmental information between the governing body and the community will increase motivation to achieve the goals of sustainable development at the local level, and will influence the development of the city's sustainable development strategy.