ORGANIZATIONAL&ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF FREIGHT BUSINESS STRATEGIES OF SHIPPING COMPANIES USING OPTIONS
Abstract
Today, maritime transport in Ukraine is in a state of permanent turbulence of the surrounding business environment, and therefore the recovery of the market of complex transport services and sea transportation under the influence of military operations in Ukraine is prone to significant fluctuations. In the current conditions, when researching international holdings in the field of shipping, the activities of which are aimed at maximizing the current financial indicators of their operation. Aspects related to long-term planning of fleet chartering of shipping companies are considered, taking into account economic trends, the state of the charter market and the dynamics of military influence on economic processes in Ukraine. Thus, the organizational and economic mechanism of marine vessel options is for shipping companies an option for implementing a development strategy in order to preserve the existing positions of the charterer and shipowner in the market. Currently, such mechanisms of options for the fleet as shipbuilding, purchase of ships, leasing (bareboat charter), as well as short- and medium-term leasing (time charter) are used. Thus, there is a need to review the organizational and economic approaches that regulate ship chartering and the need to improve the system of indicators of the efficiency of the chartering of sea vessels by shipping companies in the context of the strategic goals of transport safety. The authors of the study conducted an analysis of the functioning of various forms and types of charter contracts between subjects of the business environment in maritime transport. The authors considered the organizational and economic mechanism of formation of freight strategies of shipping companies using options as an example. The geographical distribution of international maritime exchanges for ship chartering is considered. The research examines the main approaches to risks in maritime transport, cargo and ship insurance strategies by ship charterers. Another area where the options mechanism can be developed is the study of the problem of planning the optimal time to buy or sell a ship, based on the expected conditions in the global shipping market.
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